Cross-cutting issues, by their very nature, usually cause legal and practical complications and go beyond a purely trade dimension. How to ensure that trade measures taken under the WTO would not turn into excessively disruptive elements for the protection of non-economic interests or the operation of different regimes poses a challenge ahead for the WTO. This book addresses this challenge from two perspectives.

　　Part I explorers some key non-economic concerns. It includes issues on FCTC tobacco advertisement restrictions, anti-tobacco smuggling in light of Dominican-Cigarettes Case, compulsory licenses for access to medicine under bilateral investment agreements, excessive trade response to 2009 A/H1N1 influenza outbreak, and trade and cultural protection in the context of anti-dumping. Part II discusses some areas for the enhancement of healthier trade ties. It includes issues on DSU Article 21.5 compliance proceedings, export subsides remedies, DSU Article 25 arbitration, EC-IT product Case, and regional procurement arrangements in East Asia.

　　It is expected to be a useful book that helps readers (including scholars, practitioners, and students) widen their understanding of the WTO law.

　　跨領域議題係WTO貿易體系的重要部分。其中，貿易與區域整合、環境、投資、公共衛生、文化保護或人類價值等議題之關連性，受到相當的重視。跨領域議題究其本質，乃超越單純的貿易範疇，故常引起法律及實務層面的複雜性。因此，如何確保WTO下的貿易措施不致對非經濟利益之保護或不同規範領域之運作，構成過度干擾，係WTO面臨的新挑戰。

　　本書第一部分探討若干主要的非經濟關切。相關議題包括FCTC菸品廣告限制、Dominican-Cigarettes案與菸品走私、雙邊投資協定下之藥品強制授權、因應2009 A/H1N1新流感之過度貿易措施、反傾銷架構下之貿易與文化保護。本書第二部分則以促進更健全之貿易連結之角度處理若干領域。相關議題包括DSU 第21.5條履行審查小組程序、出口補貼救濟、DSU 第25條仲裁、EC-IT product案、東亞區域之政府採購安排。

　　藉由跨領域議題展現的多元面向，本書希望有助於讀者擴展其對WTO法律瞭解之廣度與深度。

作者簡介

林彩瑜

【現職】
　　東吳大學國際經營與貿易學系教授

【經歷】
　　國立政治大學法學院兼任教授
　　我國參與WTO、OECD及台加雙邊經貿會議隨團法律顧問
　　國立台灣大學法律學院「亞洲WTO暨國際衛生法與政策中心」諮詢委員
　　臺大法學論叢、Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy、Contemporary Asian Arbitration Journal等期刊編輯委員

【學歷】
　　國立政治大學法學博士
　　英國愛丁堡大學（The University of Edinburgh）法學碩士
　　國立政治大學法學學士

PREFACE

PART I
SOME KEY NON-ECONOMIC CONCERNS

CHAPTER 1 TRADE IN SERVICES AND PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE CASE OF TOBACCO:
ARE THE FCTC RESTRICTIONS ON TOBACCO ADVERTISING INCONSISTENT WITH THE GATS?
003 Ⅰ Introduction
007 Ⅱ Tobacco Advertising Restrictions and Market Access
015 Ⅲ Tobacco Advertising Restrictions and Domestic Regulations
020 Ⅳ Tobacco Advertising Restrictions and National Treatment
023 Ⅴ Conclusion

CHAPTER 2
A MODEST BALANCE FOR TRADE IN TOBACCO,
ANTI-TOBACCO SMUGGLING AND HEALTH CONCERNS IN LIGHT OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC-CIGARETTES CASE
025 Ⅰ Introduction
030 Ⅱ An Anti-Tobacco Smuggling Measure: Tax Stamps Requirement Issues in Dominican Republic-Cigarettes
031 Ⅲ National Treatment and Anti-Tobacco Smuggling Measure: Seeking Safe Harbor?
043 Ⅳ GATT Article XX Exception and Anti-Tobacco Smuggling Measure: Seeking Balance Harbor?
055 Ⅴ Conclusion

CHAPTER 3
COMPULSORY LICENSES FOR ACCESS TO MEDICINES, EXPROPRIATION AND INVESTOR-STATE ARBITRATION
UNDER BILATERAL INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS:
ARE THERE ISSUES BEYOND THE TRIPS AGREEMENT?
057 Ⅰ Introduction
060 Ⅱ The Potential Link of Compulsory Licenses with Indirect Expropriation
071 Ⅲ Considering Public Health in Investor-State Arbitration:
Some Possible Procedural Arrangements
079 Ⅳ Alternatives to the Investor-State Arbitration: A Return to
State-State Dispute Settlement
081 Ⅴ Conclusion

CHAPTER 4
THE FORGOTTEN ROLE OF WHO/IHR IN TRADE RESPONSES TO 2009 A/H1N1 INFLUENZA OUTBREAK
083 Ⅰ Introduction
086 Ⅱ Mechanism for Discouraging Excessive Trade Measures Under
the IHR
097 Ⅲ Restrictions on Trade in Pork against A/H1N1-Affected Members:
The First Test for the IHR?
102 Ⅳ Is the WTO a More Appropriate Forum to Address Trade Concerns
in Response to A/H1N1 Influenza?
107 Ⅴ An Evaluation of the Obscure Role of IHR in the Trade Response
to A/H1N1 Influenza
112 Ⅵ A Brief Suggestion for the Improvement of IHR: Lessons
from A/H1N1 Influenza
120 Ⅶ Conclusion

CHAPTER 5
THE LINK BETWEEN TRADE AND CULTURAL PROTECTION
IN THE CONTEXT OF ANTI-DUMPING
121 Ⅰ Introduction
125 Ⅱ Applying Anti-Dumping Measures to Cultural Products:
Possibility and Limitation
131 Ⅲ Like Products Determination and Cultural Consideration
139 Ⅳ Public Interest and Culture Diversity
150 Ⅴ Conclusion
PART II
SOME AREAS FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF HEALTHIER TRADE TIES

CHAPTER 6
COMPLIANCE PROCEEDINGS UNDER ARTICLE 21.5 OF DSU
AND DOHA PROPOSED REFORM
153 Ⅰ Introduction
155 Ⅱ Implementation of the DSB Recommendations and Rulings
158 Ⅲ An Overview of DSU Article 21.5 Proceedings
162 Ⅳ Issues Relating to DSU Article 21.5 Proceedings
175 Ⅴ Sequencing Issues of Article 21.5 and Article 22
182 Ⅵ Conclusion

CHAPTER 7
REMEDIES FOR EXPORT SUBSIDIES IN THE CONTEXT OF ARTICLE 4 OF THE SCM AGREEMENT: RETHINKING SOME PERSISTENT ISSUES
183 Ⅰ Introduction
186 Ⅱ Special Procedures For Export Subsidy Violations in Article 4:
A Comparative Review from the DSU
188 Ⅲ Modification of the Subsidy
193 Ⅳ Repayment of the Subsidy
202 Ⅴ Punitive Countermeasures
209 Ⅵ Conclusion

CHAPTER 8
HOW FAR CAN ARBITRATION PRACTICE AS AN ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION WITHIN THE WTO GO?
A PERSPECTIVE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISPUTES
211 Ⅰ Introduction
214 Ⅱ Arbitration as an Alternative Dispute Settlement Process: Article 25 of the DSU
220 Ⅲ Would Arbitration Come Closer to the Normal Dispute Settlement Procedures as Practiced?
233 Ⅳ Conclusion

CHAPTER 9
SYSTEMIC REFLECTION ON THE EC-IT PRODUCT CASE:
ESTABLISHING AN ‘UNDERSTANDING’ ON MAINTAINING
THE PRODUCT COVERAGE OF THE CURRENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AGREEMENT IN THE FACE OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
235 Ⅰ Introduction
239 Ⅱ Would the Inclusion of New Technology or Non-ITA Features Warrant the Exclusion of the ITA Products from
Duty-Free Treatment? The EC’s Inappropriate Criteria in the EC-IT Product Case
253 Ⅲ Systemic Implications of the EC-IT Product Case for the ITA Product Coverage
265 Ⅳ Establishing an ‘Understanding’ on Maintaining the Product Coverage of the Current ITA in the Face of
Technological Change
272 Ⅴ Conclusion

CHAPTER 10
REGIONAL PROCUREMENT ARRANGEMENTS IN EAST ASIA:
SOME REFLECTIONS FOR THE WTO RULES
275 Ⅰ Introduction
278 Ⅱ Main Elements of Government Procurement Rules In East Asian RTAs
288 Ⅲ Lessons of Regional Approach in East Asia and Implications for Promotion of Global Procurement Liberalization
294 Ⅳ Lessons of APEC Transparency Standards for Future WTO Transparency Negotiation
309 Ⅴ Conclusion