儒學思想在日本的發展,麵嚮廣泛,議題眾多,學派林立,並非三言兩語可以道盡,亦極待未來漢語學術界師友們的共同耕耘。本書紬繹德川儒學的三項鮮明主題一一即神儒兼攝、徂徠學與陽明學一一作為窺探德川思想特質的素材,並採取中日儒學的比較研究方法,以透視日本儒學發展的特質
作者簡介
張崑將
颱灣颱南縣人。颱灣大學曆史學係碩士(1998)、博士(2002)。曾任颱灣大學曆史學係兼任講師、兼任助理教授,現任颱北醫學大學通識教育中心副教授。
著有:《德川日本「孝」概念的形成與發展──以兵學與陽明學為中心》(2004)、《日本德川時代古學派之王道政治論:以伊藤仁齋、荻生徂徠為中心》(2004)等書。
【導論】
壹、德川儒者對中國儒學道德價值觀念的轉換:以「仁義」、「忠孝」概念為中心
一、前言
二、中國儒者「仁義」與「忠孝」之價值理念
三、德川學者對「仁義」價值理念解釋的政治化:以徂徠學者與武士道學者為中心
四、德川儒者對「忠」、「孝」價值觀念解釋的宗教化:以陽明學、水戶學與吉田鬆陰為中心
五、結論
【德川儒學中的神道思想】
貳、德川初期硃子學者的理學神道思維:林羅山與山奇闇齋的比較
一、前言
二、理學神道的背景與淵源
三、羅山與闇齋的理學神道思維之比較
四、結論:儒學在神道與佛教之間所扮演的角色
【徂徠學的特質】
參、荻生徂徠「不言」的詮釋方法析論
一、前言
二、徂徠的學問之道:從「名」(古文辭)、「物」(《六經》)中求聖人之道
三、徂徠「不言」之意的詮釋特質
四、徂徠「不言」詮釋方法論的矛盾及其問題
肆、丁茶山與太宰春颱的《論語》解釋之比較
一、前言
二、茶山所認識的日本古學派
三、茶山與春颱的《論語》解釋方法之比較
四、茶山與春颱的經典義理解釋之比較:以人性論及管仲論為例
五、「愚民論」與「牧民論」
六、結論
【日本陽明學的淵源與作用】
伍、晚明《孝經》風潮與中江藤樹思想的關係
一、前言
二、以「孝」為核心的政治風暴:「大禮議」與「奪情」的政爭
三、晚明《孝經》的編纂風潮與陽明學之關係
四、中將藤樹「孝」的思想與晚明《孝經》風潮的關係
五、結論
陸、幕末維新陽明學的思想內涵及其作用
一、前言
二、「亡國」抑或「維新」:陽明學在中日的評價與形象
三、「士大夫文化」與「武士文化」:中日陽明學在不同曆史文化脈絡中的作用
四、中日陽明學思想內涵及其作用:本體論與功夫論觀點之比較
五、結論
【結論】
柒、德川儒學的特質:兼論日本思想研究的展望
一、前言
二、德川儒學思想特質舉隅
三、日本思想史研究的方法及其展望
在閱讀《德川日本儒學思想的特質:神道、徂徠學與陽明學》的過程中,我深刻體會到瞭作者的用心。這本書並非僅僅是對德川時期日本儒學思想的簡單介紹,而是對其“特質”的深入探究。我特彆關注書中關於“神道”與儒學融閤的論述,想知道神道教的自然崇拜、對天皇的敬畏以及由此衍生的各種儀式,是如何被儒傢學者納入其思想體係,並進一步發展齣具有日本特色的儒學觀念的。作者對這個過程的分析,我認為是本書的核心亮點之一,它揭示瞭文化融閤並非簡單的拼湊,而是復雜而深刻的相互作用。The book’s treatment of Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku is equally compelling. I was particularly struck by the author’s ability to draw clear distinctions between these two influential schools of thought while also demonstrating their interconnectedness within the broader intellectual currents of Tokugawa Japan. The detailed exposition of their respective philosophical foundations and their practical implications for society offers a rich tapestry of intellectual history. It’s evident that the author has engaged deeply with primary sources, presenting a well-researched and nuanced account of these complex philosophical traditions. The book’s ability to illuminate the unique intellectual landscape of this pivotal period in Japanese history is truly remarkable, and I found it to be a thoroughly rewarding read.
评分《德川日本儒學思想的特質:神道、徂徠學與陽明學》這本書,讓我對德川時代的日本思想界有瞭更立體、更深刻的認識。作者並沒有將神道、徂徠學和陽明學視為孤立的個體,而是著重探討瞭它們之間的相互作用和融閤,尤其是“神道”作為日本本土信仰,是如何與外來的儒學思想産生碰撞、交流,並最終形成德川日本獨特的思想特質。我對此非常感興趣,因為這涉及到一種文化如何吸收和轉化外來元素,從而保持自身獨立性的問題。書中對神道教的某些儀式、觀念是如何被儒傢學者賦予新的意義,或者如何在儒傢框架下得到解釋,這些細節的呈現,讓我覺得非常生動。The examination of Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku further adds to the book's intellectual richness. I was impressed by the author's capacity to delineate the core philosophies of these schools and to explain their historical significance and impact on Tokugawa society. The book provides a comprehensive overview of their development, their key figures, and their respective contributions to the intellectual discourse of the era. The author’s ability to synthesize these diverse intellectual strands into a cohesive and insightful analysis is truly outstanding. It’s clear that this book is the product of extensive scholarship and a deep understanding of Japanese intellectual history. It offers a valuable and nuanced perspective on a crucial period, and I would highly recommend it to anyone interested in the philosophical underpinnings of Japanese culture.
评分這本書《德川日本儒學思想的特質:神道、徂徠學與陽明學》給我帶來瞭不少驚喜。我一直認為,要理解一個時代的思想,就必須深入瞭解其思想根源和主要流派。《德川日本儒學思想的特質:神道、徂徠學與陽明學》恰恰做到瞭這一點。作者不僅僅是簡單地羅列這些思想,而是深入挖掘它們之間的內在聯係和相互影響。特彆是關於“神道”與儒學的結閤,我一直很好奇,在尊崇祖先和天地神明的日本,儒傢“仁”與“禮”的思想是如何被本土化的?書中對這一過程的闡釋,讓我對日本文化的獨特性有瞭更深的理解。Furthermore, the exploration of Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku provides a fascinating glimpse into the intellectual debates of the Tokugawa period. The author’s nuanced presentation of these schools of thought, highlighting their key tenets and their divergence, is particularly valuable. I appreciated the detailed account of their respective proponents and their impact on the educational and political spheres. The book skillfully navigates the complexities of these philosophical traditions, offering readers a comprehensive overview without sacrificing analytical depth. It’s a testament to the author’s meticulous research and insightful analysis that such a multifaceted topic can be presented in such an accessible and engaging manner. The book has certainly broadened my perspective on the intellectual landscape of pre-modern Japan, and I would highly recommend it to anyone seeking a deeper understanding of its philosophical heritage.
评分我最近讀瞭《德川日本儒學思想的特質:神道、徂徠學與陽明學》這本書,感覺非常震撼。作者對德川時代日本儒學思想的剖析,尤其是對神道、徂徠學和陽明學的深入解讀,讓我對日本的文化傳統有瞭全新的認識。書中對神道和儒學融閤的論述尤其精彩,它不僅僅停留在錶麵上的介紹,而是深入到思想層麵,探討瞭神道教的本土精神如何被儒學解讀和吸收,以及這種融閤如何塑造瞭德川幕府時期的社會倫理和政治思想。我一直對日本的“武士道”精神很感興趣,這本書似乎能提供一個更深層次的解釋,關於這種精神是如何在儒傢和神道教的交織影響下形成的。作者通過細緻的文獻分析和嚴謹的邏輯推理,將抽象的哲學思想具象化,使得即使是對哲學不太瞭解的讀者也能從中獲得深刻的啓發。The discussion on Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku further enriched my understanding. I found the author’s attempt to differentiate and connect these two schools of thought to be particularly illuminating. Sorai-gaku, with its emphasis on the practical application of knowledge and its historical context, presents a stark contrast to the more introspective and subjective approach of Yōmei-gaku. The book effectively illustrates how these differing intellectual currents coexisted and influenced each other within the complex intellectual milieu of Tokugawa Japan. The author’s ability to synthesize these diverse threads into a coherent narrative is truly commendable. It’s not just about presenting information, but about constructing a compelling argument that sheds new light on a fascinating period of Japanese intellectual history. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the philosophical underpinnings of Japanese culture and its unique trajectory.
评分這本書《德川日本儒學思想的特質:神道、徂徠學與陽明學》我早就聽說過,一直想找機會拜讀一下。我最感興趣的是它如何將日本神道教的本土信仰與儒傢思想進行融閤,探討這種融閤是如何塑造德川時代日本人的精神世界和社會結構的。特彆是“神道”這一部分,我希望能看到作者深入剖析神道教的哪些元素被儒學吸收,又或者儒學在與神道教互動中發生瞭怎樣的變異。是神道的“敬神”觀念影響瞭儒傢對“天命”的理解?還是神道的“祖先崇拜”與儒傢的“孝道”産生瞭新的解讀?我期待作者能通過詳實的史料和深刻的分析,揭示兩者之間錯綜復雜的聯係,不僅僅是錶麵的結閤,而是內在邏輯的梳理。 Furthermore, the title’s inclusion of “徂徠學” (Sorai-gaku) and “陽明學” (Yōmei-gaku) promises a fascinating comparative study. I’m particularly eager to see how these two distinct schools of thought, both influential in Tokugawa Japan, are positioned relative to each other and in relation to the Shinto influence. Sorai-gaku, with its emphasis on classical learning and textual interpretation, and Yōmei-gaku, with its focus on innate knowledge and moral action, represent different approaches to understanding and practicing Confucianism. The book’s ability to weave these strands together, alongside the Shinto element, will be a testament to its scholarly ambition. I anticipate a nuanced discussion of their intellectual lineages, their proponents, and their impact on the socio-political landscape of the era. It’s rare to find a work that tackles such a complex intellectual history with such breadth and depth. My anticipation for this book is immense, and I hope it lives up to its promising title.
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