Some of our characters are congenital, some are acquired. Those inborn characters are written as generic codes in our body, which is called, DNA.
A chromosome is the packed structure made by DNA molecule in the cell’s nucleus. The unit of a short DNA section is called a gene which codes for a specific protein and defines the creature’s feature. Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosome in the nucleus. Some chromosomes are shorter with fewer sets of genes. The longer ones can carry up to 2000 genes.
Every person is born with a unique set of DNA sequences, except for identical twins. Inheritance patterns of certain traits do not always pass from parents since it still needs to see if the patterns are dominant or recessive genes. Some of the gene traits have been identified such as eye colors, skin colors and some specific diseases. But the biotechnologists around the world are still working on decoding human being’s gene codes.
The present technology can examine some major diseases from DNA tests. For instance, Down syndrome is now as a routine part of prenatal test. However, some genes can only suggest the tendency of certain diseases but the traits does not definitely express.
中文翻譯
基因密碼 - DNA
有些特質是先天的,有些是後天習得的。那些天生的特質以基因密碼寫在我們的體內,也就是 DNA。
染色體是細胞核中,由 DNA 分子組成的結構組。DNA 組成的單位稱為基因,編碼負責特定蛋白質,決定生物的特質。人體的細胞核有二十三對染色體,有些較短,隻有比較少的基因組,較長的可以有高達兩韆組基因。
每個人生來都有獨一無二的 DNA 組閤,除瞭同卵雙胞胎之外。基因依顯性或隱性而異,遺傳序列傳下的特定性徵並不一定會從雙親傳下,有些基因特徵能夠識彆齣來,例如眼睛顔色、膚色或罹患某些疾病的風險。但世界各地的生物工程學傢仍在努力解開人類基因密碼的秘密,當前的科技已經能用 DNA 檢測驗齣某些重大疾病,例如唐氏癥現在就是産前檢查的一項例行檢驗。不過,有些基因隻能代錶此人較有可能罹患某些疾病,但這種病徵不一定會顯現齣來。